In the ever-evolving digital advertising landscape, ad fraud poses a significant challenge to advertisers and publishers alike. Advertisers lose billions of dollars annually due to fraudulent activities that artificially inflate impressions and clicks. To combat this growing problem, professionals have developed sophisticated detection strategies.

Banner ads are a commonplace form of online advertising that typically appear at the top of web pages. These visual advertisements serve textual content to attract visiting customers. Banner ads are known for their broad audience and ability to consistently advertise products or offers. They commonly incorporate appealing designs and persuasive cal